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简述泥石流的防治措施

更新时间:2024-11-17 09:39:06
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正确答案:

泥石流的预测预报工作很重要,这是防灾和减灾的重要步骤和措施。目前我国对泥石流的预测预报研究常采取以下方法:

1.在典型的泥石流沟进行定点观测研究,力求解决泥石流的形成与运动参数问题。如对云南省东川市小江流域蒋家沟、大桥沟等泥石流的观测试验研究;对四川省汉源县沙河泥石流的观测研究等。

2.调查潜在泥石流沟的有关参数和特征。

3.加强水文、气象的预报工作,特别是对小范围的局部暴雨的预报。因为暴雨是形成泥石流的激发因素。比如、当月降雨量超过350毫米时,日降雨量超过150毫米时,就应发出泥石流警报。

4.建立泥石流技术档案,特别是大型泥石流沟的流域要素、形成条件、灾害情况及整治措施等资料应逐个详细记录。并解决信息接收和传递等问题。

5.划分泥石流的危险区、潜在危险区或进行泥石流灾害敏感度分区。

6.开展泥石流防灾警报器的研究及室内泥石流模型试验研究。

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