雷格斯认为,过渡型社会的主要特征表现为()。
更新时间:2024-11-23 23:18:18 A、杂糅性CDE
暂无解析
Moreandmorecompaniesareallowingemployeestoworkathome.Doyouthinkthisisapositiveornegativedevelopment?
Youngpeoplewhocommitseriouscrimesshouldbepunishedinthesamewayasadults.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?
公路集装箱运费的特点()。
Wehopedthatthisdisputecanbesettledthroughfriendlynegotiationwithoutbeingsubmitforarbitration.
1.Thefailureofahigh-profilecholesteroldrughasthrownaspotlightonthecomplicatedmachinerythatregulatescholesterollevels.Butmanyresearchersremainconfidentthatdrugstoboostlevelsof'good'cholesterolarestilloneofthemostpromisingmeanstocombatspirallingheartdisease.
2.DrugcompanyPfizerannouncedon2Decemberthatitwascancellingallclinicaltrialsoftorcetrapib,adrugdesignedtoraiseheart-protectivehigh-densitylipoproteins(HDLs).Inatrialof15000patients,asafetyboardfoundthatmorepeoplediedorsufferedcardiovascularproblemsaftertakingthedrugplusacholesterol-loweringstatinthanthoseinacontrolgroupwhotookthestatinalone.
3.Thenewscameasakickintheteethtomanycardiologistsbecauseearliertestsinanimalsandpeoplesuggesteditwouldlowerratesofcardiovasculardisease."Therehavebeennoredflagstomyknowledge,"saysJohnChapman,aspecialistinlipoproteinsandatherosclerosisattheNationalInstituteforHealthandMedicalResearch(INSERM)inPariswhohasalsostudiedtorcetrapib."Thiscancellationcameasacompleteshock."
4.TorcetrapibisoneofthemostadvancedofanewbreedofdrugsdesignedtoraiselevelsofHDLs,whichferrycholesteroloutofartery-cloggingplaquestotheliverforremovalfromthebody.Specifically,torcetrapibblocksaproteincalledcholesterolestertransferprotein(CETP),whichnormallytransfersthecholesterolfromhigh-densitylipoproteinstolowdensity,plaque-promotingones.Statins,incontrast,mainlyworkbyloweringthe'bad'low-densitylipoproteins.
Underpressure
5.Researchersarenowtryingtoworkoutwhyandhowthedrugbackfired,somethingthatwillnotbecomeclearuntiltheclinicaldetailsarereleasedbyPfizer.Onehintliesinevidencefromearliertrialsthatitslightlyraisesbloodpressureinsomepatients.Itwasthoughtthatthismildproblemwouldbeoffsetbytheheartbenefitsofthedrug.Butitispossiblethatitactuallyprovedfatalinsomepatientswhoalreadysufferedhighbloodpressure.Ifbloodpressureistheexplanation,itwouldactuallybegoodnewsfordrugdevelopersbecauseitsuggeststhattheproblemsarespecifictothiscompound.OtherprototypedrugsthatarebeingdevelopedtoblockCETPworkinaslightlydifferentwayandmightnotsufferthesamedownfall.
6.ButitisalsopossiblethatthewholeideaofblockingCETPisflawed,saysMotiKashyap,whodirectsatherosclerosisresearchattheVAMedicalCenterinLongBeach,California.WhenHDLsexcretecholesterolintheliver,theyactuallyrelyonLDLsforpartofthisprocess.SoinhibitingCETP,whichpreventsthetransferofcholesterolfromHDLtoLDL,mightactuallycauseanabnormalandirreversibleaccumulationofcholesterolinthebody."You'reblockingaphysiologicmechanismtoeliminatecholesterolandeffectivelyconstipatingthepathway,"saysKashyap.Goingup
7.Mostresearchersremainconfidentthatelevatinghighdensitylipoproteinslevelsbyonemeansoranotherisoneofthebestroutesforhelpingheartdiseasepatients.ButHDLsarecomplexandnotentirelyunderstood.Oneapproveddrug,calledniacin,isknowntobothraiseHDLandreducecardiovascularriskbutalsocausesanunpleasantsensationofheatandtingling.Researchersareexploringwhethertheycanbypassthissideeffectandwhetherniacincanlowerdiseaseriskmorethanstatinsalone.Scientistsarealsoworkingonseveralothermeanstobumpuphigh-densitylipoproteinsby,forexample,introducingsyntheticHDLs."Theonlythingweknowisdeadinthewateristorcetrapib,notthewholeideaofraisingHDL,"saysMichaelMiller,directorofpreventivecardiologyattheUniversityofMarylandMedicalCenter,Baltimore.
Questions7-13
Matchtorcetrapib,HDLs,statinandCETPwiththeirfunctions(Questions8-13)..WritethecorrectletterA,B,CorDinboxes8-13onyouranswersheet.NBYoumayuseanylettermorethanonce.
7.Ithasbeenadministeredtoover10,000subjectsinaclinicaltrial.
8.Itcouldhelpridhumanbodyofcholesterol.
9.Researchersareyettofindmoreaboutit.
10.Itwasusedtoreducethelevelofcholesterol.
11.AccordingtoKashyap,itmightleadtounwantedresultifit'sblocked.
12.Itproducedcontradictoryresultsindifferenttrials.
13.ItcouldinhibitLDLs.Listofchoices
A.TorcetrapicB.HDLSC.StatinD.CETP