Inthepast,operationsweredifficult.Untilthemiddleoftheeighteenfifties,surgerywasverydangerous.Manypatientsdiedaftereventhesmallestoperations.Thiswasbecausebacteriaenteredthecutsinthepatientsbodied’andstartedinfection.Insomecountries,upto90percentofpatientsdiedfrominfectionafteroperations.In1865,however,JosephLister,aBritishsurgeon,foundananswertotheproblem.Heusedan“antisepticduring”andafteroperations.Thiskilledthedangerousbacteriaandmostofhispatientslived.Sincethen,surgeonshaveusedantisepticsinalloperations.SurgeryhasdevelopedinmanyimportantwayssincethedayofJosephLister.Today,whenpatientsgotohospitalforanoperation,theycanexpectthebesttreatment,incleanandhygienicconditions.
33.Operationsweredifficultanddangerousuntil_______.
A.1850
B.themiddleof1850
C.themiddleofthefiftiesoftheeighteenthcentury
D.themiddleofthefiftiesofthenineteenthcentury
34.Inthepassage,surgerymeans__________.
A.Theperformingofanoperation
B.cure
C.treatment
D.medicine
35.Inthepast,upto90percentofpatientsdiedafteroperationsmainlyb
ecause__________.
A.bacteriaenteredthecutsinthepatientsbodies’andinfectiontookplace
B.theconditionsinhospitalswerebad
C.theskillofsurgeonswasnotsogood
D.therewerenogoodmedicineatthattime
36.Whichtopicofthefollowingbestsuitsthepassage?
A.Operationsweredifficultinthepast
B.ThedevotionofJosephListertomedicalscience
C.Surgeryhasbecomesafer
D.Developmentsinsurgery
37.JosephListerwas________.
A.aFrenchman
B.aGerman
C.anEnglishman
D.anAmeric
更新时间:2024-11-24 02:01:4133. B 34. A 35. A 36.D 37. C
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Thepatient______now______carefully.
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokentwice.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.DuringthepauseyoumustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.
1.A)Dosometyping.
B)Buysomepaper.
C)Askthemantotype.
D)Wanttorunwiththeman.
2.A)10:50
B)10:15
C)10:48
D)10:52
3.A)Husbandandwife.
B)Agirlandherboyfriend.
C)Teacherandstudent.
D)Oldfriends.
4.A)Policeman.
B)Salesman.
C)Cardriver.
D)Conductor.
5.A)Inaschool.
B)Inatheater.
C)Inarestaurant.
D)Athome.
6.A)Sheagreed.
B)Shedisagreed.
C)Shewasimpatient.
D)Shewasworried.
7.A)Somethingcold.
B)Coffee.
C)Tea.
D)Somethinghot.
8.A)Gold.
B)Blue.
C)Brown.
D)Black.
9.A)Hedidn’knowtwheretofindtheprofessor.
B)Hehaddifficultydoingtheexperiment.
C)Hefailedtheexam.
D)Hecouldn’graduatetfromtheuniversity.
10.A)Themaniscoughing.
B)Themangaveupsmoking.
C)Themanhasalungdisease.
D)Themanhasaheartattack
Thefoodweeatseemstohaveprofoundeffectsonourhealth.Althoughsciencehasmadeenormousstepsinmakingfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,atthesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthatperhapseightypercentofcancerisrelatedtothedietaswell,especiallycancerthecolon.Differentculturesaremorepronetocontractcertainillnessesbecauseofthefoodthatischaracteristicinthesecultures.Thatfoodrelatedtollnessisnotanewdiscovery.In1945,governmentresearchersrealizedthatitratesandnitrites,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfooddditives,causedcancer.Yet,thesecarcinogenicadditivesremaininourfood,nditbecomesmoredifficultallthetimetoknowwhichthingsonthepackginglabelsofprocessedfoodarehelpfulorharmful.Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivepenicillintobeefandpoultry,andbecauseofthis,penicillinhasbeenfoundinthemilkoftreatedcows.Sometimessimilardrugsareadministeredtoanimalsnotformedicinalpurposes,butforfinancialreasons.Thefarmersaresimplytryingtofattentheanimalsinordertoobtainahigherpriceonthemarket.AlthoughtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)hastriedrepeatedlytocontroltheseprocedures,thepracticescontinue.
48.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?
A.Foodandourhealth
BFoodandadditives
C.Foodandcancer
DFoodandculture
49AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT_______.
AFortypercentofcanceriscausedbyproblemsrelatedtofood.
BResearchershaveknownaboutthepotentialdangeroffoodadditivesformanyyears
C.Weeatsomeofthefoodadditivesdirectlyandsomeindirectly
DDrugsarealwaysgiventoanimalsformedicinalpurposes
50.Whydofarmersgivedrugstotheiranimals?
A.tospeedupthegrowthofanimals
BTomaketheanimalsfatter
Ctomaketheanimals’meatfittoeat
DTomaketheanimals’meatrichinnutrients
51.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_________.
Ascientisthavemadeallthefoodfittoeat
Bonlyinrecentyearshavepeoplefoundthatthefoodisrelatedtoone’sillness
Callkindsofcancerarerelatedtothediet
Dsomeadditivesareharmfultoourhealth
52.Theword“this”inthesecondsentenceofparagraph2mostprobablyrefersto__________.
Afarmer
Bpenicillin
Cbeefandpoultry
Dthefactthatfarmersoftengivepenicillintoabeef
XiaoLingworksveryhard.She______bytheteachers.
Hamlet______byShakespeare.
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